2013年8月10日 星期六

How Architecture Works: A Humanist's Toolkit

美國的出版業在正式出版前的數月就將完整資料上網.
我是從每日建築版主了解這的

Posted: 09 Aug 2013 09:13 AM PDT
The Shape of Things that Work: The Fourth Architecture
CreateSpace, 2013
Paperback, 102 pages


How Architecture Works: A Humanist's Toolkit Hardcover



<>An essential toolkit for understanding architecture as both art form and the setting for our everyday lives
We spend most of our days and nights in buildings, living and working and sometimes playing. Buildings often overawe us with their beauty. Architecture is both setting for our everyday lives and public art form—but it remains mysterious to most of us.
In How Architecture Works, Witold Rybczynski, one of our best, most stylish critics and winner of the Vincent Scully Prize for his architectural writing, answers our most fundamental questions about how good—and not-so-good—buildings are designed and constructed. Introducing the reader to the rich and varied world of modern architecture, he takes us behind the scenes, revealing how architects as different as Frank Gehry, Renzo Piano, and Robert A. M. Stern envision and create their designs. He teaches us how to “read” plans, how buildings respond to their settings, and how the smallest detail—of a stair balustrade, for instance—can convey an architect’s vision. Ranging widely from a war memorial in London to an opera house in St. Petersburg, from the National Museum of African American History and Culture in Washington, D.C., to a famous architect’s private retreat in downtown Princeton, How Architecture Works, explains the central elements that make up good building design. It is an enlightening humanist’s toolkit for thinking about the built environment and seeing it afresh.
“Architecture, if it is any good, speaks to all of us,” Rybczynski writes.  This revelatory book is his grand tour of architecture today.

Editorial Reviews

From Publishers Weekly

Starred Review. Prize-winning architectural writer and University of Pennsylvania emeritus professor Rybczynski (A Clearing in the Distance) follows in the spirit of Steen Eiler Rasmussen's classic Experiencing Architecture to supply an ideal layperson's handbook on the fundamentals of modern and contemporary architecture. Focusing on the functional and aesthetic considerations that define a building, and often calling upon his experience as an architect to illustrate major concepts, Rybczynski vividly explains particulars such as how to read architectural plans and how sunlight figures into designs, as well as discussing issues of style, history, and taste. While the book tends to address structure after structure at a speedy clip, the upshot is a commanding view of the field for beginners. An especially rich example is the walk-through of several designs submitted to the competition for the National Museum of African-American History and Culture: this not only illustrates how different architects respond to constraints, but also how such competitions function. Rybczynski is not a polemicist, but he effectively argues certain basic principles, and makes a cogent analogy to typography to show how the past always influences the present. Here, architecture is treated as craft executed with prudence and conviction. The author doesn't care much for theories, or buildings that fail to be practical, but welcomes a variety of design approaches, all of which make him a model teacher. 140 b&w illus. (Oct.)

2013年7月9日 星期二

比亞迪代工宏達電 New One

最近,宏達電旗艦機New One在通路熱賣。但你可能不知道,你手上那支白色、充滿金屬光澤美感,讓宏達電翻身的手機,卻是中國「比亞迪製造」。
沒錯,是中國電動車品牌,還大挖鴻海人才,讓霸氣的郭台銘恨得牙癢癢的比亞迪。「電動車廠」比亞迪,搶下台灣指標手機品牌宏達電的訂單。
今年六月,比亞迪在深圳總部召開股東大會,三、四十坪大的會場,被擠得水洩不通。
「產業鏈調整,給了規模代工企業新的機會,這一次我們抓住了,」比亞迪董事長王傳福對著台下上百名股東宣稱,「包括HTC、三星、還有老客戶華為、諾基亞,都找比亞迪代工。」
「這在業界是一個不是祕密的祕密,」一名華碩主管觀察,「其實可以把比亞迪看成另一個鴻海,資源雄厚,從機構件到組裝服務都能提供。」
一線科技品牌背後的祕密
幾乎和鴻海來往的客戶,比亞迪都搶到部份的組裝生產。一線科技品牌包括惠普、戴爾的低階平板電腦,摩托羅拉、諾基亞的手機。過去許多台廠不願接、利潤極低的低端組裝單,比亞迪都接下了。
但近期,比亞迪竟打入強調自家組裝高階手機的宏達電,而且是重點旗艦機款,當中透露不尋常端倪。
「站在品牌廠立場,找第二來源(second source)分散風險,很自然,」一名宏達電主管透露。他話鋒一轉,「不要小看比亞迪。」
為什麼宏達電找上比亞迪?
今年農曆年前,宏達電裁掉一批作業員,卻在年後找不到足夠的作業員上工。不巧的是,又發生缺料問題,包括手機用機殼,以及原本幫宏達電代工鏡頭音圈馬達的香港廠愛佩儀(APP),量產經驗不足,無法供應。
正想靠這支旗艦機New One翻身的宏達電,十分著急。這個產能缺口,給了比亞迪機會。
王傳福自己出來帶頭搶單。比亞迪和鴻海一樣,有產能優勢,過去IT產線人手不足,立刻就從汽車部門調上百人支援。
三月,飽受New One缺工、缺料之苦的宏達電,找上比亞迪救燃眉之急。比亞迪深圳廠緊急撥出產線,製造缺貨的鏡頭模組,還做旗艦機白色款的金屬、塑膠混合機殼件。
宏達電派了近百名工程師,遠赴比亞迪深圳廠調整、控管產線。
終於,四月底比亞迪開始交貨,讓緊繃的宏達電鬆了一口氣。
高難度金屬件 照樣接單
「New One的手機設計,突破所有台灣品牌的極限。機殼要求的工法不同,金屬和塑膠混合材質的做法,就像你拿一張紙撕成三瓣,黏起來要能平滑,複雜度很高,」一 名台灣蘋果代工廠主管透露。這代表,比亞迪機殼製造的能力,已增強到獲得宏達電的認可。這也帶給金屬殼大廠,可成、鴻準壓力。
「一旦難度高的金屬件都能做,接著像鴻海一樣,提供一條龍的代工服務,也不令人意外,」這名主管分析。
集邦科技產業分析師繆君鼎預估,今年宏達電手機出貨由比亞迪代工組裝的訂單,「有機會達近四分之一。」這包括新上市的New One,還有宏達電將推出的中階手機。比亞迪雖非一線廠,卻搶下高階機種的組裝訂單,和台廠共分一杯羹。
比亞迪的彈性和價格優勢,據聞連台灣雙A的宏碁都動心,也打算將平板電腦,交給比亞迪代工,讓比亞迪成為宏碁供應鏈的一份子。
接連為大品牌加持,比亞迪四、五月的股價突然狂飆。也令人擔心,過去曾以電動車創造高知名度、高股價的比亞迪,是否又是一波炒作。
一名台灣機殼廠主管觀察,比亞迪做金屬機殼的良率,其實不高,平均約三到四成。對比鴻準及可成的良率,平均皆高於七成。
「他做了,代價是多少?這麼低的良率,做了也是死傷慘重,」這名主管不諱言,吃下單和能不能賺到錢,是兩回事。
此外,不同於鴻海,只做製造代工。比亞迪一手組裝,另一手和電信商合作,在通路推自有品牌手機。「這在未來與鴻海爭大客戶代工訂單時,是不利因素,」繆君鼎觀察。「但比亞迪的崛起,對台廠絕對是一個警訊,」一名台灣代工廠的總經理語重心長。原本已是紅海的科技製造業,再擠進一隻中國大鱷,台廠不能掉以輕心。